privatelink

A design question with a clear answer at this scale, and the reasoning is what scores. The three options solve different problems and peering and Transit Gateway connect networks while PrivateLink exposes services.

Gateway endpoints avoid NAT processing for supported traffic. Interface endpoints have hourly and processing fees; cost savings depend on traffic, while access restrictions need explicit policies.

Four options with genuinely different costs, and the requirement is usually narrower than it first sounds. Establish whether it is about the network path, the data residency, or the provider's retention terms, because those need different answers.